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In contrast to the results obtained using a single growth factor, the combination of multiple growth factors may be more effective. In the development of double- or multiple-growth factor-based systems, the synergistic effect of growth factors increases. Some authors (M. F., K. A., I. H., Y. L., G. S., and A. R.) have demonstrated that the combination of VEGF-and bFGF-coated membranes is more effective for the induction of angiogenesis than the use of a single growth factor. In addition, growth factors released from a membrane can produce synergistic or antagonistic effects. The use of double-growth factor-coated membranes may be more appropriate than the use of single growth factors because of the synergistic effect of growth factors. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies showed that a combination of VEGF-and bFGF-coated membranes was more effective for induction of angiogenesis than VEGF-coated membranes.
The effect of the amide and the ester of lambertianic acid on the structure and function of skeletal muscles was studied in female BALB/c mice living under conditions of social discomfort. It was shown that the new substance more effectively than lambertianic acid methyl ester improved the ambulation of animals, reduced the number of muscle contractions and the frequency of the electromyographic activity of the skeletal muscles, increased the amount and activity of the protein content in the skeletal muscles. These data indicate that lambertianic acid amide probably improved the structure and function of skeletal muscles under conditions of social distress.
In development of a double-growth factor-based system, the initial release of bFGF is more important to ensure proper neovasculogenesis. The results of our studies have shown that the release of bFGF from the membrane can be controlled using different methods. For example, when bFGF is covalently immobilized, its release can be controlled by changing the pH of the release medium. When the growth factor is immobilized by mechanical means, its release can be controlled by the surface properties of the membrane. When the growth factor is immobilized using a cross-linked polysaccharide, its release can be controlled by the pore size of the membrane.
Regenerative medicine is the restoration of the normal function of a whole organism or organ by replacement of cells, tissues or organs damaged by disease or trauma. Regenerative medicine is based on the principle of tissue engineering, utilizing the knowledge of regeneration, stem cell biology and technology for the development of new therapies for the repair of human tissues.
The term “regenerative medicine” includes techniques for tissue engineering and stem cell research. The new field of regenerative medicine is essentially based on the initial discoveries of the past century, when transplantation was recognized as a source of living organs. The challenge for regenerative medicine is the need to regenerate tissues and organs that are damaged by trauma or disease, such as the heart, liver, brain, lungs, kidney, muscles, bones, cartilage, teeth, skin, or hair. Based on the different types of diseases and tissues, the regenerative medicine is a field which covers the manipulation of stem cells to regenerate and repair damaged tissues and organs. 827ec27edc